SHIKHAR MAINS 2022 - DAY 18 Model Answer English
Q1. उत्तर प्रदेश सरकार द्वारा किए जा रहे सड़क अवसंरचना के विकास का उल्लेख करते हुए इसके आर्थिक महत्व पर प्रकाश डालिए ?
While mentioning the development of road infrastructure being done by the Government of Uttar Pradesh, throw light on its economic importance?
Approach-
• While writing about various projects give the present status of road infrastructure in Uttar Pradesh.
• Conclude the answer by stating the economic importance of road projects.
Answer-
The total road length in Uttar Pradesh is 3,36,806 km. Out of which the length of National Highways is 11,737 (constructed) and 3010 kms (under construction). The state's National Highways (NHs) account for about 8.5 percent of the length of national highways running in India.
In recent years, the Government of Uttar Pradesh is undertaking the following projects for road development:
• Ganga Expressway: It is a 594 kms long road and 6-lane wide greenfield expressway that connects Meerut and Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh.
• Poorvanchal Expressway: It is a 340.8 kms long and 6-lane wide Access Control Expressway, which connects Lucknow with Ghazipur in Uttar Pradesh.
• Bundlekhand Expressway: It is a 296 km long and 4-lane wide (6-lane expandable) Access Control Expressway that starts from Chitrakoot district and joins the Agra-Lucknow Expressway at Kudrail village in Etawah district.
• Yamuna Expressway: Also called Taj Expressway (165.5 km long and 6-lane wide) which connects Greater Noida and Agra.
• State Highways: Work is underway on various state highway projects in Uttar Pradesh like Pukhrayan-Ghatampur-Bindki road (SH-46).
Economic importance of the road project for Uttar Pradesh:
• Purvanchal Expressway has been specially constructed for emergency landing of fighter planes. This expressway will also act as a corridor for the development of industrial centers along its length.
• Employment opportunities will develop because during the construction of road, labor and skill is required on a large scale.
• Development of road transport will boost investment: Which will improve India's Ease of Doing Business ranking.
• Livelihood of a large population engaged in agriculture sector, agriculture-based economy etc. Of Uttar Pradesh will increase.
The development of road infrastructure will help the Uttar Pradesh government to achieve the goal of a trillion-dollar economy by 2024-25.
Q2. उत्तर प्रदेश में कृषि आधारित उद्योगों (एग्रो बेस्ट इंडस्ट्री) के विकास की संभावना का परीक्षण कीजिए?
Examine the potential for development of agro-based industries (Agro Best Industries) in Uttar Pradesh?
Approach-
• While explaining about agro-based industry, write about the type of agro-based industry with examples.
• Tell the present status of agro-based industry in Uttar Pradesh.
• Also tell the Potential and importance of agro-based industry.
• Conclude the answer.
Answer-
Agro-based industries depend on the raw materials produced by the agricultural sector. Their products mainly consist of consumer goods. Agro-based industries have an important place in terms of contribution to industrial production and employment generation. Agro-based industries include both the organized sector and the unorganized sector.
Types of Agro Based Industries:
• Agro Processing Units: Under this, the shelf life of the products is extended modifying the raw material.
• Agro Production Manufacturing: Under this, such products are included which are more useful for the consumers.
• Agro Input Manufacturing Units: These units are mainly responsible for the development of the agriculture sector as they produce such items which are majorly important for increasing the productivity of the agricultural sector, including its mechanization.
• Agricultural Service Centers: These units, basically provide agricultural related services to the people like repair of agricultural equipment, educational workshops etc.
Agro-based industries like;
• Textile industry: cotton, jute, silk, wool, synthetic fibres.
• Food Processing Industries: All types of agricultural products.
• Dairy Industry: Milk and milk products.
• Sugar Industry.
• Vegetable oil industry.
• Tea and Coffee Industry.
• Leather goods industry.
Current Status of Uttar Pradesh:
• Cotton Textile Industry - It is a large agro-based industry in Uttar Pradesh which is largely related to manufacturing of garments. Uttar Pradesh ranks third in the country in terms of cotton textile industry. There are 68 cotton textile mills here. These mills are in Kanpur, Agra, Bareilly, Meerut, Ghaziabad, Hardoi, Hathras, Aligarh, Saharanpur, Badaun, Allahabad, Mau, Varanasi, Rampur. In Kanpur, coarse and medium types of cloth, tent dheera and dushti cloth are made more.
• Food Processing Industry: Uttar Pradesh has immense potential for this industry. Therefore, to convert it into profit, huge investment is required. Based on the survey conducted by the Government of India and various reports, the value addition and level of processing in the food processing sector is relatively low as compared to other countries. The level of processing in the country is 10 percent and in Uttar Pradesh the level of processing is 06 percent.
• Dairy Industry: It is an important industry of Uttar Pradesh which contributes about 4% to the GDP of the state and is an important source of alternative income for the farmers. Uttar Pradesh ranks first in milk production. Milk production in Uttar Pradesh was 29 thousand 52 tons in 2017-18, which increased to 30 thousand 519 tons in 2018-19.
• Sugar Industry: The production of sugar in India's largest sugarcane producing state Uttar Pradesh was 122.28 lakh tons. There are 46 sugar mills in operation in Uttar Pradesh.
• Leather Industry: According to the Leather Export Council data, Uttar Pradesh contributes 31.35% to India's total leather, leather and leather-based goods exports.
Importance of agro-based industries:
With the development of agro-based industries, opportunities for self-employment will also be available along with boosting agricultural production. Entrepreneurship will develop among the youth and large-scale investments will also be attracted. There will be a reduction in migration from rural areas to urban areas. This will give a boost to the rural economy.
Uttar Pradesh is an agricultural state where adequate human esource/cheap labour, availability of raw materials strengthens the potential for development of agro-based industries. Therefore, government efforts like Sampada Yojana, Mega Food Park Scheme, cold chain storage facility etc. should be implemented expeditiously with transparency, which will increase the GDP of the state as well as the country.
