SHIKHAR Mains 2023 Day 18 English Model Answer

Updated : 29th Jun 2023

Q1: निम्नलिखित मे विभेद कीजिए: 8

(a) नैतिक संहिता (Code of Ethics) और आचार संहिता (Code of conduct)

(b) अभिवृति और अभिक्षमता

Differentiate between the following: 8

(a) Code of ethics and code of conduct

(b) Attitude and Aptitude

(a) Code of ethics and code of conduct:

Parameters of comparison	Code of ethics	Code of conduct
Meaning	It is a set of guidelines containing core ethical values, principles and ideals of the organization. It gives a general idea of what types of behaviour and decisions are acceptable and encouraged at a business or organization.	It is more focused and defines how employees or members should act in specific situations. It outlines specific practices and behaviour that are required or restricted under the organization.
Nature	General	Specific
Scope	Wide	Narrow
Disclosure	It has a short length and is publicly disclosed.	Comparatively longer since it has narrow scope it tends to cover maximum actions. Employees only or for a specific set of individuals associated with the organization.
Governance	It governs decision Making	It governs Actions
Focused on	Values or principles	Compliance and rules

(b) Attitude and Aptitude

Parameter of Comparison	Attitude	Aptitude
Definition	Attitude refers to the tendency or predisposition or inclination to respond in a positive or negative or neutral way to someone or something in one's environment.	Aptitude refers to the Capacity and capability of an individual to learn the ability to perform a task.
Impact	Attitude has 3 parts: Affective, Cognitive and Behavioural. Attitude affects behaviour or personality.	Aptitude is associated with intelligence.
Origin	Attitude is the result of past experiences, stereotypes, impact of peer group and family, and education.	Aptitude is innate in characteristic
Scale	It is usually good or bad, positive or negative.	It is a measure of competency, hence it is not relative.
Nature	Attitude changes with respect to circumstances and experiences.	Since Aptitude is related to intelligence it is relatively rigid and does not change drastically.

Q2: समानुभूति और करुणा के मध्य अंतर स्पष्ट करते हुए, प्रशासन में समाज के कमजोर वर्गों के प्रति करुणा के महत्व की विवेचना कीजिए। 12

Explain the difference between empathy and compassion, also discuss the importance of compassion towards the weaker sections of the society in administration. 12

Approach:

Briefly define the words empathy and compassion in the introduction. Explain the difference between the two words.
Discuss the role of empathy in administration to bring out the human character of administration towards the weaker sections of the society.
Present the conclusion accordingly.

Answer:

Empathy is the ability to understand or feel what another person is experiencing within one's own ideal principles, i.e. the ability to consider oneself in the position of another. Compassion literally means "to grieve or be sad together." It is defined as the feeling when you face grief with another and are experience motivated to redress that grief.

Compassion and empathy, though fundamentally different, are closely related namely:

Empathy is an awareness of other people's feelings and an attempt to understand how they feel whereas compassion arises when those feelings and thoughts involve a willingness to help. Therefore, empathy precedes compassion.
Empathy is putting oneself in someone else's situation and considering what they are experiencing, but compassion inspires an action. For example: An empathetic person may cry with a person experiencing loss or affected by some unfortunate event but a sensitive person makes some effort to slow down the suffering of the other person.
Empathy is an internal emotional state whereas compassion is a functional state as it prompts us to understand another person's situation and seek help without worrying about our own or the cost.

Importance of having compassion towards weaker section in administration:

Civil servants are agents of change. Compassion has been regarded as one of the great virtues of civil servants, which influences the administration and functioning of society. Compassion inspires civil servants to help people and ensure public welfare.
Compassionate individuals often have other positive traits such as generosity, kindness, and understanding. Compassion drives a civil servant not only from the mind but also from the heart. It generates active will power to reduce the sufferings of others.
Compassion ensures person-centred, humane, liberal administration. It contributes to efficient service delivery by making the administration compassionate and responsive to the needs of every citizen.
Compassion helps in building a better understanding of the ground realities and underlying problems and consequently in better planning. It also establishes mutual trust and coordination between the society and the administration.
A civil servant with the quality of compassion helps the needy and weaker sections of the society while dealing with adverse external pressures. It also helps civil servants to earn public trust which boosts their confidence and provides a sense of satisfaction and energy to work hard.

The basic objective of a civil servant is to meet and serve the needs of the people to the best of their abilities. Without a compassionate attitude, neither the civil servant nor the section of society for which the work is done will be happy. Thus, civil servants should have compassion for an effective, efficient administration and better implementation of methods, schemes and government programmes.