SHIKHAR Mains 2023 Day 19 Model Answer - English

Q1: भावनात्मक बुद्धिमत्ता की अवधारणा की व्याख्या करते हुए प्रशासन में इसकी भूमिका पर प्रकाश डालिए।

Explaining the concept of Emotional Intelligence, highlight its role in administration.

Approach:

• In the Introduction, define emotional intelligence.

• Further, Explain its various levels in detail.

• Mention its role in administration and governance.

• Conclude accordingly.

Answer:

Emotional Intelligence (EI) refers to the capability of a person to manage and control his or her emotions and possess the ability to perceive and manage the emotions of others as well. It includes following levels:

• Perceiving emotions: The first step in understanding emotions is to perceive them accurately. In many cases, this might involve understanding nonverbal signals such as body language and facial expressions.

• Reasoning with emotions: The next step involves using emotions to promote thinking and cognitive activity. Emotions help prioritize what we pay attention and react to.

• Understanding emotions: The emotions that we perceive can carry a wide variety of meanings. For example, if your boss is acting angrily, it might mean that he is dissatisfied with your work, or he might have got a speeding ticket on his way to work that morning or he's been fighting with his partner.

• Managing emotions: The ability to manage emotions effectively is a crucial part of emotional intelligence and the highest level. Regulating emotions and responding appropriately as well as responding to the emotions of others are all important aspects of emotional management.

Role of emotional intelligence in administration and governance

• Policy implementation: Public servants need to know emotions, moods and drives of persons at whom public policy is targeted for better acquaintance with the nature of problems in society and their possible solutions.

• Stay composed under pressure: A public servant with high EI doesn't flare up or lose control under difficult circumstances.

• Risk-taking: In a developing country like India, bold decisions are needed in discharging the responsibility of public services and EI enables this risk-taking amongst public servants without being erratic or extremely unpredictable in their behaviour.

• Inspire a shared vision: EI helps a public servant in convincing others that he understands others’ needs and has their best interests at heart.

• Challenge the process: An emotionally intelligent public servant strives for change. One of the key emotional intelligence skills that are needed in order to challenge the status quo is flexibility. Flexible people are more likely to try new things, take risks, and face new challenges without fear.

• Enable others to act: EI helps a public servant in realising his self-regard and develop interpersonal skills, which help him in fostering collaboration and building trust with others. This trust enables sharing and delegation of power with others.

• Motivating others: EI helps in realising the importance of rewarding people for their participation, which goes a long way in motivating them to be part of the team and carry out governance measures with more vigour and energy.

Public servants are the trustees of public interest and are entrusted to make and implement

policies. Therefore, they need to be emotionally intelligent, because without EI it would be difficult to be empathetic to different sections of the society, to be firm in their approach, and to be good change agents.

Q2: निम्नलिखित के बीच अंतर कीजिए :

(a) निष्पक्षता और गैर-तरफदारी

(b) आई.क्यू. और ई.क्यू.

Differentiate between the following:   

(a) Impartiality and Non partisanship  

(b) IQ and EQ

Approach:

• Define each term and explain it briefly.

• Give suitable examples for each concept.

• Compare and differentiate between the two.

(a) Impartiality and non-partisanship:

Impartiality in public services means to act solely according to the merits of the case and perform one's duty without any biases and prejudices. This ensures free and fair decisions contributing towards maximum public welfare and duties toward nation building.

Non-partisanship in public services means having a neutral approach especially towards any particular political group, entities, or individuals while performing one’s official duties.

For example, a civil servant is impartial when he/she keeps aside his/her personal biases and treats all citizens as per the rules and regulations of the government scheme that is being implemented.

Being upright and working as per rule of law irrespective of the political pressures demonstrates the quality of non-partisanship.

(b) IQ and EQ

Intelligence Quotient (IQ) determines the level of intelligence of a person, based on visual and spatial processing, knowledge of the world, fluid reasoning, working memory and short-term memory, quantitative reasoning etc.

Emotional Quotient (EQ) is a measure of a person's level of emotional intelligence, which refers to the ability to identify one’s own emotions and those of others, harness and apply them to tasks, and to regulate and manage them.

 It has attributes such as self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relationship management.

         For example, in public services, IQ may help a public servant in quickly understanding certain technical subjects such as economic policy while EQ may determine his/her ability to generate consensus and convince different stakeholders on it. Thus, IQ and EQ must go hand in hand.