Shikhar Mains Day 5 Model Answer - English

Updated : 9th Jun 2023

Q1: "क्षेत्रवाद राष्ट्रीय एकता का विरोध नहीं है, बल्कि दोनों एक रचनात्मक साझेदारी में सह-अस्तित्व में रह सकते हैं। भारत के संदर्भ में इस कथन का समालोचनात्मक विश्लेषण कीजिये। (8 अंक)

"Regionalism is not opposed to national integration; rather both can co-exist in a creative partnership. Critically analyse this statement in the context of India. (8 Marks)

Approach-

Define regionalism in introduction.
Discuss the importance of regionalism in the Indian context.
Discuss with examples the dangers arising out of regionalism.
In conclusion, conclude the answer by discussing the measures to reduce the dangers of regionalism.

Answer-

In simple words, regionalism is a feeling born from the separate existence of one's region. Regionalism can be born out of high feeling and low feeling towards one's region. Regionalism can be born due to economic, political and social reasons from high sentiment. Regionalism refers to the prejudice-based negative attitude among the people of a given area of society towards other societies. As a result, communication gaps and social distance flourish. Although regionalism is used in negative contexts, sometimes some thinkers divide it into positive and negative regionalism.

Regionalism exists in India in positive and negative sense.

Regionalism in a positive sense in India-

Positive regionalism refers to the tendency of the people living in a particular area to promote and preserve their own culture and language.
Sometimes it is also called subnationalism.
In terms of positive aspects, there is a strong desire to strengthen identities such as ethnic, language, religion etc.For example, the erstwhile Jharkhand Movement, which extended to the remote areas of Bihar, Orissa, West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh, organized itself as a unified group to protect and promote socio-economic and political interests. Ultimately the movement was successful in forcing the government to reorganize the states.

Negative regionalism-

On the other hand, negative regionalism refers to prejudice based social distance and hatred, under which people of a particular area have a feeling of intolerance towards others.

This regionalism can appear due to the following 6 reasons:

Regionalism born out of economic high spirit - Khalistan;
Regionalism born out of low economic sentiment - Telangana, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand;
Regionalism born out of political high spirit - Marathwada, Gorkhaland;
Regionalism born out of political inferiority - Jammu and Kashmir;
Regionalism born out of social high spirit - Anti-Hindi attitude in Tamil Nadu;
Regionalism born out of inferiority complex at the social level - in the northeastern states;

Positive regionalism is beneficial for any society, however, in which there is acceptance of diversity. Negative regionalism always hinders economic social progress.

National identity as well as regional identity should be given sufficient importance to reduce the negative impact of regionalism as a hindrance to national integration. Instead of motivating us to distance ourselves from the regional identity in the name of nationalism and national integration, emphasis should be given on the pan-India culture of regional identity. If the identity of one area gets importance in other areas also, there will be an increase in mutual coordination.

Q2: वैश्वीकरण को परिभाषित कीजिये । साथ ही भारतीय समाज पर इसके प्रभावों का आलोचनात्मक परीक्षण कीजिये|(12 अंक)

Define globalization. Also critically examine its effects on Indian society. (12 Marks)

Approach

Define role in globalization.
Critically discuss the effects of globalization on Indian society in detail.
Conclude the answer with a short conclusion.

Answer-

Globalization refers to the integration of the world into economic, political and cultural relations. Under which the whole world develops like a global village, going beyond the national boundaries.

Today no one is untouched by the effects of globalization. Its effect is definitely visible in some form or the other on all countries. Globalization has also had an impact on the life, culture, interests, fashion, preferences, etc. of the Indian people. On the one hand, they have helped in improving the standard of living of the people by expanding the pace of economic development and technology, while on the other hand, efforts have been made to impose foreign cultures by breaking into the local culture and tradition.

Impact of Globalization on Indian Society:

Rise of Nuclear Family: As a result of globalization the traditional joint Indian is declining and nuclear family is rising.
Change in caste system: Globalization has weakened the traditional caste system. At the same time, it is acting as a catalyst in the rise of castes in a new way.
Change in the Status of Women: Globalization has changed the traditional role of women in Indian society. Now women are not only compelled to live within the boundary wall of the house, but are proving their importance in the society by equaling men.
Clothing: The traditional Indian clothing for women are sarees, suits etc. and the traditional clothes for men are dhoti, kurta. Hindu married women also adorned the red bindi and sindoor, but now, it is not a compulsion. It has become common among Indian girls to wear jeans, t-shirts, mini skirts.
Indian Performing Arts: The music of India includes varieties of religious, folk and classical music. Indian dance too has diverse folk and classical forms. Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kathakali, Mohiniattam, Kuchipudi, Odissi are popular dance forms in India. Kalaripayattu or Kalari in short is considered to be the oldest martial art in the world. But recently, western music is also becoming very popular in our country. Fusing Indian music with Western music is encouraged among musicians. More Indian dance shows are organized globally. The number of Bharatnatyam learners is increasing in the west too. Western dance forms like Jazz, Hip Hop, Salsa, Ballet have become common among Indian youth.
Old Age Vulnerability: The rise of nuclear families has reduced the social security that joint families provide. This has led to greater economic, health and emotional vulnerability of individuals in old age.
Broader Media: People have greater access to news, music, movies, videos from all over the world. Foreign media houses have increased their presence in India. India is part of the global launch of Hollywood movies. It has a psychological, social and cultural impact on our society.

We cannot say that the impact of globalization has been completely positive or completely negative. Each of the effects described above can be viewed as both positive and negative. However, it becomes a matter of concern when only the negative impact of globalization on Indian culture is viewed.